✦ dliang's notebook

Technology & Education

We live in an extraordinary era. Technology transforms every aspect of our lives, and we are witnessing it firsthand.

Education rests on three foundations: what we teach, how we teach it, and the tools we use to teach and learn. Content. Pedagogy. Technology. Computers and the internet revolutionized content delivery — they made knowledge accessible, but left pedagogy untouched. We still teach largely as we did before screens arrived.

AI has the potential to change this. It can adapt to a learner's pace, give immediate feedback, and identify gaps in understanding that human instructors miss at scale. Most importantly, it makes one-on-one instruction economically viable for the first time in human history. The road is long and winding — but the work at this intersection matters now.

The Slop Problem
Featured
The Slop Problem AI produces "slop" (statistically average, fluent but hollow writing) not as a model failure but as an insight failure. Genuine originality …
Date Section Title Read
May 28, 2026 technology
When Skills Aren't Enough

Skills give AI a set of instructions to follow — and instructions can be ignored. This essay maps Anthropic's dynamic workflows against a real writing …

13 min ↗
Apr 18, 2026 technology
Prompt, Context, Harness: The Three Phases of AI Engineering

AI engineering has evolved through three compensatory phases (prompt, context, and harness), each addressing a failure the previous layer couldn't fix. Harness …

23 min ↗
Mar 30, 2026 technology
How We Build Software in the Age of AI

This essay argues that AI is reshaping software at an architectural level, moving from human-centered applications to a composable agentic ecosystem where CLIs, …

16 min ↗
Mar 12, 2026 pedagogy
Why E-Learning Fails the 70-20-10 Test

E-learning has built a $300B industry around the least effective slice of the learning model (formal instruction) while neglecting the experiential and social …

14 min ↗
Mar 2, 2026 writing
In Praise of Mysterious Characters

The essay explores cinema's 'mysterious characters'—figures whose opacity resists even patient observation—arguing that withholding creates gaps that transform …

9 min ↗
Feb 23, 2026 technology
Claude Code and The Rise of CLI

Why did developers abandon polished IDEs for a terminal tool? The answer is less about AI than about Unix: a 50-year-old design philosophy of composable text …

20 min ↗
Feb 10, 2026 technology
The Fork in the Road: Claude Code vs CoWork

Claude Code and CoWork share a codebase but diverge sharply — local vs managed-VM execution shapes resumability, attachability, and autonomy.

16 min ↗
Feb 8, 2026 technology
Claude Cowork

Claude Cowork marks Anthropic's pivot from chatbot to agentic AI: a productized Claude Code that plans, executes, and delegates tasks through sub-agents in a …

8 min ↗
Jan 12, 2026 technology
We're Still Pumping Water from Mines: The Path to Superintelligence

A historical analogy: today's LLMs are the steam engine of AI — celebrated as revolutionary, yet only half the architecture real superintelligence needs.

29 min ↗
Jan 10, 2026 technology
Claude Skills, Commands, Agents toward a unified mission

This article traces the evolution of Claude's Skills, Commands, and Agents, analyzing the fundamental tension between intent-matching intelligence and …

13 min ↗
Dec 9, 2025 technology
The Death and Rebirth of AI - lessons from not so distant past

The Internet died once in 2000's dot-com crash, then was reborn solving unglamorous infrastructure problems. Today's AI boom mirrors that mania. The Internet's …

15 min ↗
Sep 26, 2025 technology
To Think or not to Think - How "Reasoning" in LLMs Evolved

Reasoning in large language models is an important shift in artificial intelligence: from instant responses to deliberate problem-solving. How does the …

12 min ↗
Aug 12, 2025 technology
Feature of Bug? Toward a Psychology of LLM

Four research papers suggest LLMs have layered internal states — and that 'alignment faking' and unfaithful reasoning are features of intelligence, not bugs.

21 min ↗
Jul 23, 2025 technology
AI Companionship on the Rise

The most consequential near-term use of voice AI is companionship, not productivity. AI companionship is rapidly emerging as a transformative force, reshaping …

15 min ↗
May 10, 2025 technology
The State of TTS: early 2025

Where AI speech synthesis stands in early 2025: hands-on test results, and why realistic text-to-speech is already displacing professional voice talent.

9 min ↗
May 9, 2025 technology
Local Intelligence, an Important Step in the Future of MAD (Mass AI Deployment)

Local Intelligence, an Important Step in the Future of MAD (Mass AI Deployment)

12 min ↗
Apr 20, 2025 technology
Microlearning with lot of Tiny Cats

Could AI make learning genuinely fun? On using AI as a storyteller — with humor, characters, and tiny cats — to make complex ideas engaging for kids.

2 min ↗
Apr 8, 2025 writing
The Work of Writing in the Age of AI

We are on the cusp of entering an exciting new era in the realm of writing, which I refer to as the third stage, AI-collaborated writing.

26 min ↗
Jan 26, 2025 translation
务虚笔记 - The Pursuit of Nothingness

Now available in English for the first time, The Pursuit of Nothingness invites a new audience into its quiet yet powerful explorations of fate, suffering, …

5 min ↗
Dec 24, 2024 pedagogy
Unboxing AI, Understanding the Magic of Large Language Models

Ever wondered how ChatGPT seems to know so much? Or how AI can write stories, answer questions, and even crack jokes? We're about to lift the curtain on these …

0 min ↗
Mar 26, 2024 technology
Technologies of Learning, a 2024 Primer

A 2024 primer on the technologies reshaping how we learn, framed by McLuhan's idea of media as extensions of man.

29 min ↗
Nov 9, 2023 pedagogy
The Brain Power Management Revolution

It is time to rethink productivity. Learn how to optimize your mental energy, increase focus, and achieve more with less effort.

0 min ↗
Oct 26, 2023 technology
Mindcraft

MindDraft is a next-generation writing app designed to transform the writing process into a fully collaborative experience.

1 min ↗
Oct 24, 2023 technology
Lean, UX, Clicking Buttons and Starting a Tesla

Lean, UX, Clicking Buttons and Starting a Tesla

8 min ↗
Oct 29, 2020 pedagogy
Elearning Demystified

What is elearning? Let's start from the beginning...

14 min ↗
Oct 25, 2020 pedagogy
The Format of the Century

The slideshow, a cornerstone of contemporary teaching and presentations, indeed stands as the format of choice across countless domains in this century. …

9 min ↗
Oct 20, 2020 pedagogy
The Age of Mobile Consumption

Part 3 of The Craft of Elearning Development: designing mobile-friendly learning as mobile use overtakes the desktop — and why plain HTML is the answer.

13 min ↗
Oct 15, 2020 pedagogy
Rules of Engagement

What constitutes the rules of engagement for eLearning? How to enhance cognitive involvement, transforming passive content consumption into an active learning …

12 min ↗
Feb 24, 2019 writing
Three Lessons on Cinematic Framing

Given by Ida, I'm not Madame Bovary, The Favorite

24 min ↗
Dec 26, 2017 translation
Mindstorms - 思维风暴

Original book by Seymour Papert

2 min ↗
Dec 13, 2016 pedagogy
Seymour Papert’s Legacy

Children, computers, and the future of programming education

36 min ↗
Sep 25, 2016 writing
Cinematic Editing - a viewer’s guide

Eisenstein the Tailor

31 min ↗
Sep 24, 2016 writing
The Mysterious Craft of Camera Movement

The most elusive topic in film aesthetics has almost no scholarship behind it. A lecture that builds a working theory of camera movement from scratch.

23 min ↗
Sep 8, 2016 writing
Everything you want to know about film studies...

...but didn’t know how to ask

21 min ↗
Aug 26, 2016 writing
A Crash Course on Cinematic Staging

Film director is called metteur-en-scène because his or her primary role is staging

28 min ↗
Aug 26, 2016 writing
In praise of laconic cinema, or films that don’t talk

There are films that talk a lot; and there are films talk a little. But finally, there are films that don’t talk at all. Is talking essential to cinema?

15 min ↗
Sep 28, 2015 translation
全屏变形和想象中的摄影机——论动画中的透视运动

Is there a camera movement in this video?

4 min ↗
Sep 3, 2015 translation
世界呈现于自身的影像, 论全息电影的神话

The total cinema is already upon us, if you can afford it

1 min ↗
Sep 3, 2015 translation
告别指向符, 电影和现实印象

Why are we still concerned about the reality behind impressions?

1 min ↗
Sep 3, 2015 translation
景观电影, 早期电影,其观众,以及先锋派

A seminal paper in cinema studies, still relevant to this day

1 min ↗
Aug 5, 2015 translation
照片造假时代,指向符何为

What is deep about deep fake?

1 min ↗
Mar 30, 2015 translation
In Defense of Liberal Education - 为人文教育辩护

Original book written by Fareed Zakaria

1 min ↗
Mar 11, 2011 technology
Tabwriting and the future of writing technology

A 2011 essay placing handwriting on the iPad — 'tabwriting' — within the long history of writing technologies, from pen and paper to the keyboard.

42 min ↗
Jan 8, 2011 writing
Camera Movement in Max Ophuls

A case study of camera movement in Max Ophuls — moving past style-spotting toward a theory that reads the moving camera as artistic sensibility.

38 min ↗
Sep 26, 2010 technology
From Turks to HAL: the eccentric journey of voice machines

How far have we gone to reproduce the human voice; are we there yet?

42 min ↗
Jan 1, 2009 translation
Walden - 瓦尔登湖

Walden is a name that needs no introduction.

4 min ↗
Jan 23, 2008 writing
Notes on The Mirror

Emotion, memory and senses are inseparable. One always evokes the other. This seemingly innocuous statement in fact leads to cinema’s greatest potential.

30 min ↗
Oct 10, 2007 writing
On Christian Metz: Cinema and Language

“We shape our tools and thereafter our tools shape us.” — Marshall McLuhan

43 min ↗
May 14, 2002 translation
Caligula

Best resource for learning French and getting to understand existentialism

2 min ↗
Jan 1, 0001 writing
Hearing the World of Film

This section delves into the concept of diegesis, or the film's world, arguing that the advent of sound transformed it from an image-based construct to an …

89 min ↗
Jan 1, 0001 writing
Immersed in Sound

Here, the focus shifts to how sound immerses audiences within the cinematic world, exploring the spatial dimensions of sound and the technological advancements …

89 min ↗
Jan 1, 0001 writing
Lost in Sound Space

This is a close hearing: we are to examine the innovative sound design of Gravity, highlighting how sound plays a crucial role in creating a sense of space and …

57 min ↗
Jan 1, 0001 writing
Cinema Learns to Speak

This chapter was actually the first one written: it addresses the transformative impact of the human voice on cinema, examining how our perception of vocal …

75 min ↗
Jan 1, 0001 writing
Babel is The World

Forget the unified, standard voices you expect from cinema. Chinese film took a fascinating turn, daring to embrace the vibrant tapestry of dialects after The …

53 min ↗